Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology
Volume 20, Issue 1 , Pages 141-146 , March 2006

Monitoring methods: SNAP

  • P. Bischoff, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +49 40 42803 2450; fax: +49 40 42803 7524.
    • ,
  • G. Schmidt, MD

References 

  1. Wong CA, Fragen RJ, Fitzgerald PC, et al. The association between propofol-induced loss of consciousness and the SNAP index. Anesth Analg. 2005;100:141–148
  2. Rampil IJ. A primer for EEG signal processing in anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 1998;89:980–1002
  3. Bischoff P, Scharein E, Schmidt GN, et al. Topography of clonidine-induced electroencephalographic changes evaluated by principal component analysis. Anesthesiology. 2000;92:1545–1552
  4. Sleigh JW, Steyn-Ross DA, Steyn-Ross ML, et al. Comparison of changes in electroencephalographic measures during induction of general anaesthesia: influence of the gamma frequency band and electromyogram signal. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2001;86:50–58
  5. Menon V, Freeman WJ, Cutillo BA, et al. Spatio-temporal correlations in human gamma band electrocorticograms. Electroencephalography. Clinnical Neurophysiology. 1996;98:89–102
  6. Desmet J, Tomberg C. Transient phase-locking of 40Hz electrical oscillations in prefrontal and parietal human cortex reflects the process of consciousness somatic perception. Neuroscience Letters. 1994;168:126–129
  7. Viertio-Oja H, Maja V, Sarkela M, et al. Description of the entropy algorithm as applied in the Datex-Ohmeda S/5 Entropy Module. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. 2004;48:154–161
  8. Schmidt GN, Bischoff P, Standl T, et al. SNAP index and bispectral index during different states of propofol/remifentanil anaesthesia. Anaesthesia. 2005;60:228–234
  9. Johansen JW, Sebel PS. Development and clinical application of electroencephalographic bispectrum monitoring. Anesthesiology. 2000;93:1336–1344
  10. Schmidt GN, Standl T, Lankenau G, et al. SNAP-index and bispectral index during induction of anaesthesia with propofol and remifentanil. Anasthesiologie, Intensivmedizin, Notfallmedizin, Schmerztherapie. 2004;39:286–291
  11. Casati A, Putzu M, Vinciguerra F. A clinical comparison between bispectral index (BIS) and high frequency EEG signal detection (SNAP). European Journal of Anaesthesiology. 2005;22:75–77

PII: S1521-6896(05)00070-4

doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2005.08.013

Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology
Volume 20, Issue 1 , Pages 141-146 , March 2006

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