Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology
Volume 20, Issue 1 , Pages 101-109 , March 2006

Entropy

  • Berthold Bein, MD (Staff Member)

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationTel.: +49 431 597 3739; fax: +49 431 597 3002.

References 

  1. Shannon CE. A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal. 1948;27:623–656
  2. Bruhn J, Lehmann LE, Ropcke H, Bouillon TW, Hoeft A. Shannon entropy applied to the measurement of the electroencephalographic effects of desflurane. Anesthesiology. 2001;95:30–35
  3. Pincus SM, Gladstone IM, Ehrenkranz RA. A regularity statistic for medical data analysis. Journal of Clinical Monitoring. 1991;7:335–345
  4. Bruhn J, Bouillon TW, Radulescu L, Hoeft A, Bertaccini E, Shafer SL. Correlation of approximate entropy, bispectral index, and spectral edge frequency 95 (SEF95) with clinical signs of ‘anesthetic depth’ during coadministration of propofol and remifentanil. Anesthesiology. 2003;98:621–627
  5. Sleigh JW, Donovan J. Comparison of bispectral index, 95% spectral edge frequency and approximate entropy of the EEG, with changes in heart rate variability during induction of general anaesthesia. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 1999;82:666–671
  6. Jantti V, Alahuhta S. Spectral entropy–what has it to do with anaesthesia, and the EEG?. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2004;93:150–151
  7. Viertio-Oja H, Maja V, Sarkela M, et al. Description of the Entropy algorithm as applied in the Datex-Ohmeda S/5 Entropy Module. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. 2004;48:154–161
  8. Rampil IJ. A primer for EEG signal processing in anesthesia. Anesthesiology. 1998;89:980–1002
  9. Vakkuri A, Yli-Hankala A, Sandin R et al. Spectral entropy monitoring is associated with reduced propofol use and faster emergence in propofol-nitrous oxide-alfentanil anesthesia. Anesthesiology 2005; 103: 274–279.
  10. Smith WD, Dutton RC, Smith NT. Measuring the performance of anesthetic depth indicators. Anesthesiology. 1996;84:38–51
  11. Vakkuri A, Yli-Hankala A, Talja P, et al. Time-frequency balanced spectral entropy as a measure of anesthetic drug effect in central nervous system during sevoflurane, propofol, and thiopental anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. 2004;48:145–153
  12. Ellerkmann RK, Liermann VM, Alves TM, et al. Spectral entropy and bispectral index as measures of the electroencephalographic effects of sevoflurane. Anesthesiology. 2004;101:1275–1282
  13. Vanluchene AL, Vereecke H, Thas O, et al. Spectral entropy as an electroencephalographic measure of anesthetic drug effect: a comparison with bispectral index and processed midlatency auditory evoked response. Anesthesiology. 2004;101:34–42
  14. Vanluchene AL, Struys MM, Heyse BE, Mortier EP. Spectral entropy measurement of patient responsiveness during propofol and remifentanil. A comparison with the bispectral index. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2004;93:645–654
  15. Tiren C, Anderson RE, Barr G, et al. Clinical comparison of three different anaesthetic depth monitors during cardiopulmonary bypass. Anaesthesia. 2005;60:189–193
  16. Anderson RE, Jakobsson JG. Entropy of EEG during anaesthetic induction: a comparative study with propofol or nitrous oxide as sole agent. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2004;92:167–170
  17. Hans P, Dewandre PY, Brichant JF, Bonhomme V. Comparative effects of ketamine on Bispectral Index and spectral entropy of the electroencephalogram under sevoflurane anaesthesia. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 2005;94:336–340

PII: S1521-6896(05)00055-8

doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2005.07.009

Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology
Volume 20, Issue 1 , Pages 101-109 , March 2006

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